Linking failed while building firmware on Mac M3

magz · June 27, 2024, 7:18am

I just got started with CW and have a CW Husky. I’m trying to do the Connecting to Hardware Jupyter notebook. In the building Firmware, when I do

make PLATFORM=CW308_SAM4S CRYPTO_TARGET=NONE

and got the following error:

LINKING:
-en     simpleserial-base-CW308_SAM4S.elf ...
arm-none-eabi-gcc: fatal error: /Applications/ArmGNUToolchain/13.2.Rel1/arm-none-eabi/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/13.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/nano.specs: attempt to rename spec 'link' to already defined spec 'nano_link'
compilation terminated.

Alex_Dewar · June 27, 2024, 12:25pm

Hi,

Can you try removing -specs=nano.specs from chipwhisperer/hardware/victims/firmware/hal/sam4s/Makefile.sam4s?

magz · June 27, 2024, 12:41pm

Hi,
I removed both -specs=nano.specs and -specs=nosys.specs from

LDFLAGS += -specs=nano.specs -specs=nosys.specs -T $(HALPATH)/sam4s/flash_sam4s.ld -Wl,--gc-sections -lm

then I got the following error

LINKING:
-en     simpleserial-base-CW308_SAM4S.elf ...
/Applications/ArmGNUToolchain/13.2.Rel1/arm-none-eabi/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/13.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: error: linker script file '.././hal/sam4s/flash_sam4s.ld' appears multiple times

Alex_Dewar · June 27, 2024, 12:43pm

Weird, it seems like things are being called or included multiple times? Can you try building with make VERBOSE=true and posting the resulting text?

magz · June 27, 2024, 12:49pm

Sorry, here is what I got

SS_VER set to SS_VER_1_1
SS_VER set to SS_VER_1_1
SS_VER set to SS_VER_1_1
SS_VER set to SS_VER_1_1
make[1]: '.dep' is up to date.
SS_VER set to SS_VER_1_1
SS_VER set to SS_VER_1_1
.
Welcome to another exciting ChipWhisperer target build!!
arm-none-eabi-gcc (Arm GNU Toolchain 13.2.rel1 (Build arm-13.7)) 13.2.1 20231009
Copyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

.
Compiling:
-en     arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m4 -I. -I/usr/local/include/gmp.h -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mthumb -mlong-calls -mfloat-abi=soft -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mlong-calls -g3 -Wall -pipe  -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wchar-subscripts  -Wcomment -Wformat=2 --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -DDEBUG -DARM_MATH_CM3=true -Dprintf=iprintf -Dscanf=iscanf -DPLATFORMCW1190=1 -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -D__SAM4S2B__ -DUDD_NO_SLEEP_MGR -gdwarf-2 -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DHAL_TYPE=HAL_sam4s -DPLATFORM=CW308_SAM4S -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DF_CPU=7372800UL -DSS_VER_2_0=2 -DSS_VER_2_1=3 -DSS_VER_1_1=1 -DSS_VER_1_0=0 -Os -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././hal -I.././hal/sam4s -I.././hal/sam4s/inc -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././crypto/ -std=gnu99 -Wno-discarded-qualifiers -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-pointer-sign -Wno-unused-value -Wno-implicit-function-declaration  -Wa,-adhlns= -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mthumb -mlong-calls -mfloat-abi=soft -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mlong-calls -g3 -Wall -pipe  -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wchar-subscripts  -Wcomment -Wformat=2 --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -DDEBUG -DARM_MATH_CM3=true -Dprintf=iprintf -Dscanf=iscanf -DPLATFORMCW1190=1 -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -D__SAM4S2B__ -DUDD_NO_SLEEP_MGR -gdwarf-2 -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DHAL_TYPE=HAL_sam4s -DPLATFORM=CW308_SAM4S -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DF_CPU=7372800UL -DSS_VER_2_0=2 -DSS_VER_2_1=3 -DSS_VER_1_1=1 -DSS_VER_1_0=0 -Os -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././hal -I.././hal/sam4s -I.././hal/sam4s/inc -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././crypto/ -std=gnu99 -Wno-discarded-qualifiers -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-pointer-sign -Wno-unused-value -Wno-implicit-function-declaration  -Wa,-adhlns=objdir-CW308_SAM4S/simpleserial-base.lst -MMD -MP -MF .dep/simpleserial-base.o.d simpleserial-base.c -o objdir-CW308_SAM4S/simpleserial-base.o ...
-e Done!

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Compiling:
-en     arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m4 -I. -I/usr/local/include/gmp.h -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mthumb -mlong-calls -mfloat-abi=soft -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mlong-calls -g3 -Wall -pipe  -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wchar-subscripts  -Wcomment -Wformat=2 --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -DDEBUG -DARM_MATH_CM3=true -Dprintf=iprintf -Dscanf=iscanf -DPLATFORMCW1190=1 -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -D__SAM4S2B__ -DUDD_NO_SLEEP_MGR -gdwarf-2 -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DHAL_TYPE=HAL_sam4s -DPLATFORM=CW308_SAM4S -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DF_CPU=7372800UL -DSS_VER_2_0=2 -DSS_VER_2_1=3 -DSS_VER_1_1=1 -DSS_VER_1_0=0 -Os -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././hal -I.././hal/sam4s -I.././hal/sam4s/inc -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././crypto/ -std=gnu99 -Wno-discarded-qualifiers -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-pointer-sign -Wno-unused-value -Wno-implicit-function-declaration  -Wa,-adhlns= -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mthumb -mlong-calls -mfloat-abi=soft -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mlong-calls -g3 -Wall -pipe  -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wchar-subscripts  -Wcomment -Wformat=2 --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -DDEBUG -DARM_MATH_CM3=true -Dprintf=iprintf -Dscanf=iscanf -DPLATFORMCW1190=1 -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -D__SAM4S2B__ -DUDD_NO_SLEEP_MGR -gdwarf-2 -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DHAL_TYPE=HAL_sam4s -DPLATFORM=CW308_SAM4S -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DF_CPU=7372800UL -DSS_VER_2_0=2 -DSS_VER_2_1=3 -DSS_VER_1_1=1 -DSS_VER_1_0=0 -Os -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././hal -I.././hal/sam4s -I.././hal/sam4s/inc -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././crypto/ -std=gnu99 -Wno-discarded-qualifiers -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-pointer-sign -Wno-unused-value -Wno-implicit-function-declaration  -Wa,-adhlns=objdir-CW308_SAM4S/simpleserial.lst -MMD -MP -MF .dep/simpleserial.o.d .././simpleserial/simpleserial.c -o objdir-CW308_SAM4S/simpleserial.o ...
-e Done!

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Compiling:
-en     arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m4 -I. -I/usr/local/include/gmp.h -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mthumb -mlong-calls -mfloat-abi=soft -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mlong-calls -g3 -Wall -pipe  -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wchar-subscripts  -Wcomment -Wformat=2 --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -DDEBUG -DARM_MATH_CM3=true -Dprintf=iprintf -Dscanf=iscanf -DPLATFORMCW1190=1 -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -D__SAM4S2B__ -DUDD_NO_SLEEP_MGR -gdwarf-2 -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DHAL_TYPE=HAL_sam4s -DPLATFORM=CW308_SAM4S -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DF_CPU=7372800UL -DSS_VER_2_0=2 -DSS_VER_2_1=3 -DSS_VER_1_1=1 -DSS_VER_1_0=0 -Os -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././hal -I.././hal/sam4s -I.././hal/sam4s/inc -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././crypto/ -std=gnu99 -Wno-discarded-qualifiers -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-pointer-sign -Wno-unused-value -Wno-implicit-function-declaration  -Wa,-adhlns= -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mthumb -mlong-calls -mfloat-abi=soft -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mlong-calls -g3 -Wall -pipe  -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wchar-subscripts  -Wcomment -Wformat=2 --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -DDEBUG -DARM_MATH_CM3=true -Dprintf=iprintf -Dscanf=iscanf -DPLATFORMCW1190=1 -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -D__SAM4S2B__ -DUDD_NO_SLEEP_MGR -gdwarf-2 -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DHAL_TYPE=HAL_sam4s -DPLATFORM=CW308_SAM4S -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DF_CPU=7372800UL -DSS_VER_2_0=2 -DSS_VER_2_1=3 -DSS_VER_1_1=1 -DSS_VER_1_0=0 -Os -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././hal -I.././hal/sam4s -I.././hal/sam4s/inc -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././crypto/ -std=gnu99 -Wno-discarded-qualifiers -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-pointer-sign -Wno-unused-value -Wno-implicit-function-declaration  -Wa,-adhlns=objdir-CW308_SAM4S/startup_sam4s.lst -MMD -MP -MF .dep/startup_sam4s.o.d .././hal/sam4s/startup_sam4s.c -o objdir-CW308_SAM4S/startup_sam4s.o ...
-e Done!

.
Compiling:
-en     arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m4 -I. -I/usr/local/include/gmp.h -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mthumb -mlong-calls -mfloat-abi=soft -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mlong-calls -g3 -Wall -pipe  -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wchar-subscripts  -Wcomment -Wformat=2 --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -DDEBUG -DARM_MATH_CM3=true -Dprintf=iprintf -Dscanf=iscanf -DPLATFORMCW1190=1 -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -D__SAM4S2B__ -DUDD_NO_SLEEP_MGR -gdwarf-2 -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DHAL_TYPE=HAL_sam4s -DPLATFORM=CW308_SAM4S -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DF_CPU=7372800UL -DSS_VER_2_0=2 -DSS_VER_2_1=3 -DSS_VER_1_1=1 -DSS_VER_1_0=0 -Os -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././hal -I.././hal/sam4s -I.././hal/sam4s/inc -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././crypto/ -std=gnu99 -Wno-discarded-qualifiers -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-pointer-sign -Wno-unused-value -Wno-implicit-function-declaration  -Wa,-adhlns= -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mthumb -mlong-calls -mfloat-abi=soft -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mlong-calls -g3 -Wall -pipe  -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wchar-subscripts  -Wcomment -Wformat=2 --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -DDEBUG -DARM_MATH_CM3=true -Dprintf=iprintf -Dscanf=iscanf -DPLATFORMCW1190=1 -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -D__SAM4S2B__ -DUDD_NO_SLEEP_MGR -gdwarf-2 -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DHAL_TYPE=HAL_sam4s -DPLATFORM=CW308_SAM4S -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DF_CPU=7372800UL -DSS_VER_2_0=2 -DSS_VER_2_1=3 -DSS_VER_1_1=1 -DSS_VER_1_0=0 -Os -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././hal -I.././hal/sam4s -I.././hal/sam4s/inc -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././crypto/ -std=gnu99 -Wno-discarded-qualifiers -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-pointer-sign -Wno-unused-value -Wno-implicit-function-declaration  -Wa,-adhlns=objdir-CW308_SAM4S/sam4s_hal.lst -MMD -MP -MF .dep/sam4s_hal.o.d .././hal/sam4s/sam4s_hal.c -o objdir-CW308_SAM4S/sam4s_hal.o ...
-e Done!

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Compiling:
-en     arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m4 -I. -I/usr/local/include/gmp.h -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mthumb -mlong-calls -mfloat-abi=soft -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mlong-calls -g3 -Wall -pipe  -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wchar-subscripts  -Wcomment -Wformat=2 --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -DDEBUG -DARM_MATH_CM3=true -Dprintf=iprintf -Dscanf=iscanf -DPLATFORMCW1190=1 -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -D__SAM4S2B__ -DUDD_NO_SLEEP_MGR -gdwarf-2 -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DHAL_TYPE=HAL_sam4s -DPLATFORM=CW308_SAM4S -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DF_CPU=7372800UL -DSS_VER_2_0=2 -DSS_VER_2_1=3 -DSS_VER_1_1=1 -DSS_VER_1_0=0 -Os -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././hal -I.././hal/sam4s -I.././hal/sam4s/inc -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././crypto/ -std=gnu99 -Wno-discarded-qualifiers -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-pointer-sign -Wno-unused-value -Wno-implicit-function-declaration  -Wa,-adhlns= -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mthumb -mlong-calls -mfloat-abi=soft -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mlong-calls -g3 -Wall -pipe  -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wchar-subscripts  -Wcomment -Wformat=2 --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -DDEBUG -DARM_MATH_CM3=true -Dprintf=iprintf -Dscanf=iscanf -DPLATFORMCW1190=1 -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -D__SAM4S2B__ -DUDD_NO_SLEEP_MGR -gdwarf-2 -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DHAL_TYPE=HAL_sam4s -DPLATFORM=CW308_SAM4S -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DF_CPU=7372800UL -DSS_VER_2_0=2 -DSS_VER_2_1=3 -DSS_VER_1_1=1 -DSS_VER_1_0=0 -Os -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././hal -I.././hal/sam4s -I.././hal/sam4s/inc -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././crypto/ -std=gnu99 -Wno-discarded-qualifiers -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-pointer-sign -Wno-unused-value -Wno-implicit-function-declaration  -Wa,-adhlns=objdir-CW308_SAM4S/uart.lst -MMD -MP -MF .dep/uart.o.d .././hal/sam4s/uart.c -o objdir-CW308_SAM4S/uart.o ...
-e Done!

.
Compiling:
-en     arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m4 -I. -I/usr/local/include/gmp.h -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mthumb -mlong-calls -mfloat-abi=soft -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mlong-calls -g3 -Wall -pipe  -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wchar-subscripts  -Wcomment -Wformat=2 --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -DDEBUG -DARM_MATH_CM3=true -Dprintf=iprintf -Dscanf=iscanf -DPLATFORMCW1190=1 -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -D__SAM4S2B__ -DUDD_NO_SLEEP_MGR -gdwarf-2 -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DHAL_TYPE=HAL_sam4s -DPLATFORM=CW308_SAM4S -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DF_CPU=7372800UL -DSS_VER_2_0=2 -DSS_VER_2_1=3 -DSS_VER_1_1=1 -DSS_VER_1_0=0 -Os -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././hal -I.././hal/sam4s -I.././hal/sam4s/inc -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././crypto/ -std=gnu99 -Wno-discarded-qualifiers -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-pointer-sign -Wno-unused-value -Wno-implicit-function-declaration  -Wa,-adhlns= -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mthumb -mlong-calls -mfloat-abi=soft -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mlong-calls -g3 -Wall -pipe  -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wchar-subscripts  -Wcomment -Wformat=2 --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -DDEBUG -DARM_MATH_CM3=true -Dprintf=iprintf -Dscanf=iscanf -DPLATFORMCW1190=1 -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -D__SAM4S2B__ -DUDD_NO_SLEEP_MGR -gdwarf-2 -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DHAL_TYPE=HAL_sam4s -DPLATFORM=CW308_SAM4S -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DF_CPU=7372800UL -DSS_VER_2_0=2 -DSS_VER_2_1=3 -DSS_VER_1_1=1 -DSS_VER_1_0=0 -Os -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././hal -I.././hal/sam4s -I.././hal/sam4s/inc -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././crypto/ -std=gnu99 -Wno-discarded-qualifiers -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-pointer-sign -Wno-unused-value -Wno-implicit-function-declaration  -Wa,-adhlns=objdir-CW308_SAM4S/pio.lst -MMD -MP -MF .dep/pio.o.d .././hal/sam4s/pio.c -o objdir-CW308_SAM4S/pio.o ...
-e Done!

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Compiling:
-en     arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m4 -I. -I/usr/local/include/gmp.h -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mthumb -mlong-calls -mfloat-abi=soft -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mlong-calls -g3 -Wall -pipe  -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wchar-subscripts  -Wcomment -Wformat=2 --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -DDEBUG -DARM_MATH_CM3=true -Dprintf=iprintf -Dscanf=iscanf -DPLATFORMCW1190=1 -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -D__SAM4S2B__ -DUDD_NO_SLEEP_MGR -gdwarf-2 -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DHAL_TYPE=HAL_sam4s -DPLATFORM=CW308_SAM4S -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DF_CPU=7372800UL -DSS_VER_2_0=2 -DSS_VER_2_1=3 -DSS_VER_1_1=1 -DSS_VER_1_0=0 -Os -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././hal -I.././hal/sam4s -I.././hal/sam4s/inc -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././crypto/ -std=gnu99 -Wno-discarded-qualifiers -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-pointer-sign -Wno-unused-value -Wno-implicit-function-declaration  -Wa,-adhlns= -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mthumb -mlong-calls -mfloat-abi=soft -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mlong-calls -g3 -Wall -pipe  -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wchar-subscripts  -Wcomment -Wformat=2 --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -DDEBUG -DARM_MATH_CM3=true -Dprintf=iprintf -Dscanf=iscanf -DPLATFORMCW1190=1 -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -D__SAM4S2B__ -DUDD_NO_SLEEP_MGR -gdwarf-2 -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DHAL_TYPE=HAL_sam4s -DPLATFORM=CW308_SAM4S -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DF_CPU=7372800UL -DSS_VER_2_0=2 -DSS_VER_2_1=3 -DSS_VER_1_1=1 -DSS_VER_1_0=0 -Os -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././hal -I.././hal/sam4s -I.././hal/sam4s/inc -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././crypto/ -std=gnu99 -Wno-discarded-qualifiers -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-pointer-sign -Wno-unused-value -Wno-implicit-function-declaration  -Wa,-adhlns=objdir-CW308_SAM4S/system_sam4s.lst -MMD -MP -MF .dep/system_sam4s.o.d .././hal/sam4s/system_sam4s.c -o objdir-CW308_SAM4S/system_sam4s.o ...
-e Done!

.
Compiling:
-en     arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m4 -I. -I/usr/local/include/gmp.h -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mthumb -mlong-calls -mfloat-abi=soft -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mlong-calls -g3 -Wall -pipe  -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wchar-subscripts  -Wcomment -Wformat=2 --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -DDEBUG -DARM_MATH_CM3=true -Dprintf=iprintf -Dscanf=iscanf -DPLATFORMCW1190=1 -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -D__SAM4S2B__ -DUDD_NO_SLEEP_MGR -gdwarf-2 -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DHAL_TYPE=HAL_sam4s -DPLATFORM=CW308_SAM4S -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DF_CPU=7372800UL -DSS_VER_2_0=2 -DSS_VER_2_1=3 -DSS_VER_1_1=1 -DSS_VER_1_0=0 -Os -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././hal -I.././hal/sam4s -I.././hal/sam4s/inc -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././crypto/ -std=gnu99 -Wno-discarded-qualifiers -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-pointer-sign -Wno-unused-value -Wno-implicit-function-declaration  -Wa,-adhlns= -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mthumb -mlong-calls -mfloat-abi=soft -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mlong-calls -g3 -Wall -pipe  -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wchar-subscripts  -Wcomment -Wformat=2 --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -DDEBUG -DARM_MATH_CM3=true -Dprintf=iprintf -Dscanf=iscanf -DPLATFORMCW1190=1 -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -D__SAM4S2B__ -DUDD_NO_SLEEP_MGR -gdwarf-2 -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DHAL_TYPE=HAL_sam4s -DPLATFORM=CW308_SAM4S -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DF_CPU=7372800UL -DSS_VER_2_0=2 -DSS_VER_2_1=3 -DSS_VER_1_1=1 -DSS_VER_1_0=0 -Os -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././hal -I.././hal/sam4s -I.././hal/sam4s/inc -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././crypto/ -std=gnu99 -Wno-discarded-qualifiers -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-pointer-sign -Wno-unused-value -Wno-implicit-function-declaration  -Wa,-adhlns=objdir-CW308_SAM4S/sysclk.lst -MMD -MP -MF .dep/sysclk.o.d .././hal/sam4s/sysclk.c -o objdir-CW308_SAM4S/sysclk.o ...
-e Done!

.
Compiling:
-en     arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m4 -I. -I/usr/local/include/gmp.h -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mthumb -mlong-calls -mfloat-abi=soft -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mlong-calls -g3 -Wall -pipe  -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wchar-subscripts  -Wcomment -Wformat=2 --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -DDEBUG -DARM_MATH_CM3=true -Dprintf=iprintf -Dscanf=iscanf -DPLATFORMCW1190=1 -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -D__SAM4S2B__ -DUDD_NO_SLEEP_MGR -gdwarf-2 -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DHAL_TYPE=HAL_sam4s -DPLATFORM=CW308_SAM4S -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DF_CPU=7372800UL -DSS_VER_2_0=2 -DSS_VER_2_1=3 -DSS_VER_1_1=1 -DSS_VER_1_0=0 -Os -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././hal -I.././hal/sam4s -I.././hal/sam4s/inc -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././crypto/ -std=gnu99 -Wno-discarded-qualifiers -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-pointer-sign -Wno-unused-value -Wno-implicit-function-declaration  -Wa,-adhlns= -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mthumb -mlong-calls -mfloat-abi=soft -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mlong-calls -g3 -Wall -pipe  -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wchar-subscripts  -Wcomment -Wformat=2 --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -DDEBUG -DARM_MATH_CM3=true -Dprintf=iprintf -Dscanf=iscanf -DPLATFORMCW1190=1 -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -D__SAM4S2B__ -DUDD_NO_SLEEP_MGR -gdwarf-2 -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DHAL_TYPE=HAL_sam4s -DPLATFORM=CW308_SAM4S -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DF_CPU=7372800UL -DSS_VER_2_0=2 -DSS_VER_2_1=3 -DSS_VER_1_1=1 -DSS_VER_1_0=0 -Os -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././hal -I.././hal/sam4s -I.././hal/sam4s/inc -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././crypto/ -std=gnu99 -Wno-discarded-qualifiers -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-pointer-sign -Wno-unused-value -Wno-implicit-function-declaration  -Wa,-adhlns=objdir-CW308_SAM4S/pmc.lst -MMD -MP -MF .dep/pmc.o.d .././hal/sam4s/pmc.c -o objdir-CW308_SAM4S/pmc.o ...
-e Done!

.
LINKING:
-en     arm-none-eabi-gcc simpleserial-base-CW308_SAM4S.elf w/ opts -mcpu=cortex-m4 -I. -I/usr/local/include/gmp.h -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mthumb -mlong-calls -mfloat-abi=soft -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mlong-calls -g3 -Wall -pipe  -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wchar-subscripts  -Wcomment -Wformat=2 --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -DDEBUG -DARM_MATH_CM3=true -Dprintf=iprintf -Dscanf=iscanf -DPLATFORMCW1190=1 -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -D__SAM4S2B__ -DUDD_NO_SLEEP_MGR -gdwarf-2 -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DHAL_TYPE=HAL_sam4s -DPLATFORM=CW308_SAM4S -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DF_CPU=7372800UL -DSS_VER_2_0=2 -DSS_VER_2_1=3 -DSS_VER_1_1=1 -DSS_VER_1_0=0 -Os -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././hal -I.././hal/sam4s -I.././hal/sam4s/inc -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././crypto/ -std=gnu99 -Wno-discarded-qualifiers -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-pointer-sign -Wno-unused-value -Wno-implicit-function-declaration  -Wa,-adhlns= -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mthumb -mlong-calls -mfloat-abi=soft -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -mlong-calls -g3 -Wall -pipe  -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wchar-subscripts  -Wcomment -Wformat=2 --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -DDEBUG -DARM_MATH_CM3=true -Dprintf=iprintf -Dscanf=iscanf -DPLATFORMCW1190=1 -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -D__SAM4S2B__ -DUDD_NO_SLEEP_MGR -gdwarf-2 -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DHAL_TYPE=HAL_sam4s -DPLATFORM=CW308_SAM4S -DSS_VER=SS_VER_1_1 -DF_CPU=7372800UL -DSS_VER_2_0=2 -DSS_VER_2_1=3 -DSS_VER_1_1=1 -DSS_VER_1_0=0 -Os -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fshort-enums -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././hal -I.././hal/sam4s -I.././hal/sam4s/inc -I.././simpleserial/ -I.././crypto/ -std=gnu99 -Wno-discarded-qualifiers -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-pointer-sign -Wno-unused-value -Wno-implicit-function-declaration  -Wa,-adhlns=objdir-CW308_SAM4S/simpleserial-base.o -MMD -MP -MF .dep/simpleserial-base-CW308_SAM4S.elf.d -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib -T .././hal/sam4s/flash_sam4s.ld -Wl,--gc-sections -lm -Wl,-Map=simpleserial-base.map,--cref   -lm   -mthumb -Wl,--start-group -L naeusb -lm -Wl,--end-group    -Wl,--gc-sections  -Wl,--entry=Reset_Handler -Wl,--cref -mthumb -Wl,-Map=simpleserial-base-CW308_SAM4S.map,--cref   -lm   -T .././hal/sam4s/flash_sam4s.ld -Wl,--gc-sections -lm -Wl,-Map=simpleserial-base.map,--cref   -lm   -mthumb -Wl,--start-group -L naeusb -lm -Wl,--end-group    -Wl,--gc-sections  -Wl,--entry=Reset_Handler -Wl,--cref -mthumb -Wl,-Map=simpleserial-base-CW308_SAM4S.map,--cref   -lm   ... objdir-CW308_SAM4S/simpleserial-base.o objdir-CW308_SAM4S/simpleserial.o objdir-CW308_SAM4S/startup_sam4s.o objdir-CW308_SAM4S/sam4s_hal.o objdir-CW308_SAM4S/uart.o objdir-CW308_SAM4S/pio.o objdir-CW308_SAM4S/system_sam4s.o objdir-CW308_SAM4S/sysclk.o objdir-CW308_SAM4S/pmc.o
/Applications/ArmGNUToolchain/13.2.Rel1/arm-none-eabi/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/13.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: error: linker script file '.././hal/sam4s/flash_sam4s.ld' appears multiple times
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[1]: *** [.././Makefile.inc:498: simpleserial-base-CW308_SAM4S.elf] Error 1
make: *** [.././Makefile.inc:350: all] Error 2

Alex_Dewar · June 27, 2024, 2:03pm

I just pushed a new commit to chipwhisperer. Can you try building after pulling that commit?

magz · June 27, 2024, 2:19pm

Just to be sure, I pulled and got

hardware/victims/firmware/Makefile.inc | 10 +++++-----

then built but still got the same error

/Applications/ArmGNUToolchain/13.2.Rel1/arm-none-eabi/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/13.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: error: linker script file '.././hal/sam4s/flash_sam4s.ld' appears multiple times
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

Alex_Dewar · June 27, 2024, 3:32pm

Can you run make --version and post that?

magz · June 27, 2024, 3:52pm

Yes

GNU Make 4.4.1
Built for aarch64-apple-darwin23.0.0

Alex_Dewar · June 27, 2024, 4:16pm

The latest I’ve tested was 4.3, so my guess is there’s some breaking change between that version and your version. I’ve pushed another commit. Can you try that one?

magz · June 28, 2024, 7:00am

It worked!! Thank you very much

magz · June 28, 2024, 11:28am

Thank you so much for your help!
I have another question. When I run

cw.program_target(scope, cw.programmers.SAM4SProgrammer, "../hardware/victims/firmware/simpleserial-base/simpleserial-base-CW308_SAM4S.hex")

it does not always work. Sometimes I get the warning

(ChipWhisperer Target WARNING|File programmers.py:214) Boot flash not set, target may require power cycle

It works sometimes to restart the Jupyter kernel and unplug the usb then plug it in again. But it does not always work. Does this problem have something to do with the USB and is there a way to reset the USB from the terminal?

Alex_Dewar · June 28, 2024, 12:20pm

No, IIRC this is an issue with the SAM4S bootrom. You may need to power cycle the target (scope.io.target_pwr = 0, wait then scope.io.target_pwr = 1) to get it to reboot.

magz · June 28, 2024, 12:52pm

I did scope.io.target_pwr = 0 , wait then scope.io.target_pwr = 1, but it didn’t seem to help.

magz · June 28, 2024, 1:05pm

In Lab 2_1A - Instruction Power Differences (MAIN), there is also

if PLATFORM == "CW308_SAM4S" or PLATFORM == "CWHUSKY":
    scope.io.target_pwr = 0
    time.sleep(0.2)
    scope.io.target_pwr = 1
    time.sleep(0.2)

before

cw.program_target(scope, prog, "../../../hardware/victims/firmware/simpleserial-base-lab2/simpleserial-base-{}.hex".format(PLATFORM))

but it still returns Boot flash not set, target may require power cycle

magz · July 1, 2024, 11:09am

It works, I just need to rerun the program_target command a couple of times.